Gurmençon
Gurmençon
Travel guide and tourist information
Travel guide and tourist information
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The common Gurmençon oriented North / South (298 ha) is located in the heart of the Béarn, on the edge of Soule, some 5 kilometers south of Oleron Ste Marie, on the left bank of the Gave and Aspe valley.
It represents the door of the Aspe valley on the road to Somport N 134 connects Bordeaux to the tunnel. Penetration in the Aspe valley is symbolized by the monument called "Door Aspe, Pedro Tramullas work, erected on the roundabout forming the junction between the N-134 and RD 55 in the northern entrance Gurmençon.
It is a town with a strong farm in a recent context, since 1999, demographic dynamism. Gurmençon also has a network of small businesses and local services for a relatively dense area of modest size.
The name of the village has not yet been elucidated. Some see a man's name Grumentius Latin, the other a compound anthroponym Guir Mansoo.
In 1383, the town was known Grumensoo before moving two years later to a surname closer to its current (Gurmensoo).
In the early 18th century the town takes the name closest to that which we know now: Gurmenson. 1383: Grumensoo (contracts Luntz), 1385: Gurmensoo (census) 1538: Gurmensson (reform of Beam) 1546: Guirmenson (reform of Beam) 1620: Gurmençon (Insin diocese Olorón).
A plan made by Cassini in the 18th century shows that at this time, the route from Bordeaux to Somport, the current No. 134, the town already structured. This is confirmed by the Napoleonic cadastre.
This shows the organization of the ancient village and the imbalance of the frame on both sides of the road Somport.
His name could come from the root pre-Indo-European, indicating a humid place, a body of water, as attested by the presence of the Gave d'Aspe which borders the village. It has also been a rapprochement with the Latin word dared agrimensor appointing a surveyor. In time, deviating little from the final name, the village was called Grumensoo then Gurmerisoo in 1385, when only 14 buildings were counted, including that containing the forge, or Fargo are.
Count 1385: 14 fires, list of heads of households and / or place name: Arnaudet Carrere; Guilhemet of Davant-Forgues, Maria Lacu; Gassioo of Minbiele; Berdot of Davant, however Fargo es; Peyrolet of Soberbiele; Johanet of Larric; Guilhem Arneut of Casebone; Goalhardine of Claverie; Cathalina of Palhees; Prat Alaman Cam; Johan de Lafor.
In 1307, the town boasts an act of affièvement in the moors, woods and territories and Asasp Agnos. The village in 1385, fourteen fires. A Lordship then placed the noble house and settled on the terrace overlooking the Gave d'Aspe and former seigneurial mill mentioned in the 16th century. Originally designed for milling, it was also used as a fulling in sheets.
MÉ bilatgé Lou (my village) is located near Oloron on the road to Spain, while camped on the high terrace of the Gave d'Aspe. The original center was lower than today, near the "castle", actually the old abbey lay, and was crossed by the old road to Sainte-Marie-Lez-Oleron. Besides the cemetery fence current wife in part a remnant of the wall of the apse of the old church.
A deed dated April 15, 1639 is authorized to Mr. De Lassalle, Lord of places to take the wood that will be needed to build instead of Gurmençon, a castle and a mill. Families Lamoureux and glitters, successor to Lassalle. Another local landlord came a time in possession of the Baths of St. Christau.
At the general history of Bearn, the village is distinguished by the possession in the 17th century one of the leading manufactures of paper products. These should be of excellent quality, because they were in demand, particularly in the Americas by emigrants who commanded large quantities. Like those made Bizanos and Maslacq. In the following century, under the influence oloronaise, the village appears as a center of drapery.
At the cutting edge, this humble village will know the installation in the 1920s, one of the first hydroelectric plants of the department. It was built by Maurice Rozan will create in the wake of the eponymous chocolate Oloron, now renamed Lindt. This industrial tradition continues today with the presence of intramural enterprise Micro Mechanics Pyrenean employing some 120 people.
In May 1789, this village was one of the first communities to prepare the Bearn and put her notebooks of grievances.
A local song, very well known, says the village:
Lou praou Pèyroutou bé!
Aug jib `s analog-to sé'n casa
Sé'n Gurméraçou your ass,
Lou Pèyroutou, leu Pèyroutou
Bu praoubé Pèyroutou!
(Peyroutou the poor, instead of going home, he went to Gurmençon).
The village offers a delightful place to relax beside the stream, said the "Ends of the Espérou.
On the roundabout way to Spain is installed monumental work of Pedro Tramullas "La Porte d'Aspe" involving memory of megalithic monuments, the symbolism of Roman art and spirit of pilgrimage. It is located at the northern entrance of the village on an embankment called "Door Aspe. Made with large blocks of marble Arudy sculpted by Spanish artist Pedro Tramullas. It is loaded with symbols engraved universal value, supposed to express the passage of pilgrims to Compostela and their spiritual quest. La Porte d'Aspe "historic stood above the valley. It was a toll whose income was used for the maintenance of the road Somport. Formerly, some pilgrims to Sarrance (Sainte-Marie) Gurmençon sometimes stopped to rest, before sinking into the narrow valley.
- Construction: 1858/1862.
- Designers: Architect: Emile Loupot; Contractor: Jean Pierre Larrieu.
- Materials: rubble, plaster, slate.
- The Church of Gurmençon is built between 1858 and 1862 in the new village center. If, as the former, it remains dedicated to St. John the Baptist, it is now along the road.
- After several restoration projects or rebuild the old church located in, below the village, the council voted to build a new building in 1850. The winning design was a church "Romanesque" with a nave of three bays flanked by two chapels forming a false transept and a porch-tower. It was consecrated in 1884.
- Mural in cul-de-four of the apse is the Baptism of Christ and a testimony of the cross of Peter Gorse, dated 1871, in the south chapel, the building.
- The chorus is beautifully decorated with frescoes updated on when painting in 2007.
- The furniture has resulted in a tabernacle of the 18th century in the choir at an entombment in the side chapel and a statue of St. Anne. The furniture of the church of St. John the Baptist may have come from the old church or cathedral church of St. Mary of Oloron.
- Completion: 20th century.
- At the northern entrance of the village on an embankment built along the road Oloron-Sainte-Marie Somport, there is a huge monument called "Door Aspe. The Arc de Triomphe, which marks the entry in the Aspe Valley, is made by the Spanish artist Pedro Tramullas block of marble Arudy. It combines both the megalithic monuments, the symbolism of the Romanesque and the theme of pilgrimage. Indeed, one can see the impressive monuments of carved symbols recalling the spiritual journey of pilgrims to Compostela, in the style typological novel. La Porte d'Aspe "historic farther up the valley, was a toll on the pilgrimage route to St Jacques de Compostela.
- Completion: Second half of the 20th century.
- A burst of commemoration project involves the development of nearly 36,000 war memorials after the First World War, but the war memorial Gurmençon is made later in the second half of the 20th century.
- The monument consists of a base, monolithic block of stone, supporting a slab of marble. On it is depicted a bird in flight, wings outstretched, symbolizing freedom and peace.
- The base is the list of victims of major military conflicts of the 20th century, in a quotation from the Bible: "Honor and peace for every artisan well.
- The war memorial is a monument Gurmençon pacifist. It marks the remembrance of the nine Gurmençon killed during the two world wars and the war in Indochina.
 | Church |  |
| |  | Entrance to the Village | |
|
 | Wells Municipal | |
| |  | Door Aspe | |
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 | War Memorial | |
| |  | Church | |
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 | Village Square | |
| |  | Wells Municipal | |
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 | Entrance D55 Village | |
| |  | Village Hall | |
|
 | The Edge Gave Ends | |
| |  | Edge Gave Under Wood | |
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 | Rue Gave | |
| |  | Street Lazer | |
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| Sunday 12 February | Day
 | Night
 | | Min. -7°C - Max. 1°C |
| | Monday 13 February | Day
| Night
 | | Min. -3°C - Max. 3°C |
| | Tuesday 14 February | Day
 | Night
 | | Min. -2°C - Max. 4°C |
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 | Auberge Labarthe Bosdarros | | | Gourmet restaurant practicing seasonal cuisine with local products, in a small village in the Pyrenees foothills. | | Located 26 km from Gurmençon | From 30 € to 85 € per person |
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 | Camping Eyharche Barcus | | | Camping at the farm, located in the countryside Barcus (Basque Country). Beautiful views of the Pyrenees. Approximately 10 minutes from Barcus (30mn of Oloron St. Mary) 40 minutes of... | | Located 18.8 km from Gurmençon | 17 € per day |
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